For the first time, the power was shifted from Paris to Berlin (New Capital). The balance of power brought into being by the Vienna Congress was reversed. It could be said to have begun in the German Victory over Austria in the battle of Sadowa (1866) and the German defeat of France, Battle of Sedan in 1870. The whole thing started even before that, it started from Congress of Vienna in 1814-15 but it came into Limelight in the late 19th century around the time of the Franco-Prussian War. If we go back to the time of the Franco-Prussian War, we can trace the beginning of The Triple Alliance. Let us look at how the Triple Alliance formed and started. Therefore, Russia signed the Anglo-Russian Convention with Britain in order to counteract the threat of a Triple Alliance.When World War 1 began in 1914 and ended in 1918, the series of events and wars were the severest rounds that Europe had ever experienced in several centuries. To counter her enemies both politically and militarily, Russia decided to revive the Franco-Russian Alliance. Russia had also lost the Russo-Japanese War in 1905. After Germans began to reorganize the Turkish army, Russia felt they would control the Dardanelles, a very important part of Russia’s exports. However, it was also most backward economically. Of all the six European powers, Russia possessed the biggest manpower reserves. Therefore, France started building up its war industries and also developed a bond with the Russian government by joining the Franco-Russian Alliance. The rising military development in Germany worried France. From that time forward, the relations have always been dismal. In the Treaty of Frankfurt, France was forced by Prussia to cede Alsace Lorraine to new German Empire. This resulted in the forming of the 3rd French Republic. Triple Entente: Franceīetween 18, during the Franco-Prussian War, Prussia defeated the 2nd French Empire. However, Britain started to change after threats of German imperialism. For the better part of the 19th century, the United Kingdom regarded Russia and France as its two most dangerous rivals. By early 1900s, the European theatre started to dramatically change. Triple Entente: Great Britainĭuring the early 19th century, Britain adopted a policy called “splendid isolation” with its main focus being a massive overseas empire. In 1907, Russia and the United Kingdom signed an agreement that stopped their great rivalry in Central part of Asia. The agreements directly concerned colonies and also terminated British neutrality towards Europe. In 1904, France and the United Kingdom signed several agreements referred to as the Entente Cordiale. Agreements are Signedĭespite the signing of Reinsurance Treaty, the Russian leadership was very alarmed at the country’s diplomatic isolationist policies and therefore entered into the Franco-Russian Alliance in 1894. This ended the alliance of Germany and Russia. However, the alliance between France and Russia and Bismarck’s exclusion from the German financial market led to the treaty not being renewed. The treaty assured both parties that they would all remain neutral towards each other in case a war broke out. In efforts to stop the Russian government from being allies with France, Bismarck decided to enter into a treaty with Russia. This led to League of the Three Emperors never being renewed in 1887. The Treaty of Berlin, signed in 1878, along with the situation in the Balkans left Russia feeling quite cheated of her own gains made during the Russo-Turkish War. With the rising nationalism and the decline of the Ottoman Empire, most Ottoman provinces really struggled for independence. The tensions were mostly over the Balkans. After a while, the league faced several challenges with the rising tensions between Austria-Hungarian and Russian Empire. The German chancellor feared France might attempt to regain its 1871 losses. This alliance was established in 1873 between Kaiser Wilhelm I, Tsar Alexander II, and Franz Joseph I as a part of Otto Von Bismarck’s plot to diplomatically isolate France. Previously, Russia had been member of the League of the Three Emperors with Germany and Austria-Hungary. At the beginning of the First World War in 1914, all three members joined the treaty as Allies against Austria-Hungary and Germany. This alliance of three powers was supplemented by some agreements with Japan and Portugal and constituted a very powerful counterweight to the Triple Alliance of Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Italy. The Triple Entente was an alliance that linked France, Russia, and Britain just after signing of Anglo-Russian Entente on August 31st, 1907.
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